Strategic finance essay with word counts no less than 1500

Strategic finance with word counts no less than 1500 - Essay Example Like any other capital budgeting model, CAPM has its own weaknesses and strengths. In order to improve its usefulness, the standard capital asset pricing model has undergone various developments and modifications in the recent past. Since its conception about four decades ago, the Capital Asset Pricing Model has been used widely in applications to estimate cost of capital of firms and evaluate the performance of asset portfolios in companies. This report argues that CAPM has received such a wide support and use in the industry despite its strong assumptions because it provides powerful and reliable predictions about risk measurements and the relationship between risk and expected return. CAPM has several problems which are considered by many as the results of theoretical failures emanating from the strong assumptions of the model (Rubinstein 2006). However, they could also be caused by the difficulties of its empirical implementation. Although these problems are common, it is also understood that other models have their problems too. Therefore, the best model is the one which has proved to be successful in its application. Capital Asset Pricing Model is the model with such wide and successful application becaus e it provides powerful and reliable predictions about risk and returns of a given portfolio of assets. The Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) suggests that the equilibrium rates of return of risky assets in the market have a linear relationship with the market portfolio. CAPM is used to establish a theoretical value of required rate of return of an asset in a diversified portfolio. This takes into consideration the systematic and market risks which are non-diversifiable risks (Rubinstein 2006). The model also considers the markets expected return and the theoretical risk-free assets expected return. CAPM draws from the portfolio theory developed by Harry Markowitz (1959). The formula of calculating expected return of an asset portfolio

Water Resource Challenges Essay Example for Free

Water Resource Challenges Essay Irrigation allows farmers to increase the productivity of land. Food production is an important concern particularly with the ever increasing population thus it is essential that even arid and semiarid lands are utilized. This is only possible through irrigation. Unfortunately, traditional irrigation generally makes inefficient use of water. This involves flooding the land or diverting water through open channels. However, plants absorb only about 40 percent while the rest evaporates into the atmosphere or seeps into the ground. One of the most important innovations in agricultural water conservation is micro irrigation which is also called drip or trickle irrigation. Micro irrigation includes all methods of frequent water application, in small flow rates, on or below the soil surface. Water is distributed using an extensive hydraulic pipe network that conveys water from its source to the plant. Ideally, the volume of water is applied directly to the root zone in quantities that is measured in accordance to the plant’s absorption capacity. Due to the manner in which water is applied by a micro irrigation system, only a portion of the soil surface and root zone of the total field is wetted. An efficiency in irrigation is achieved that result in a significant reduction in water use and even that of fertilizers which can be conveyed through the same system. With water concentrated on the area where it is most needed, it also allows the safe use of recycled water and even water sources with high salt content without danger to the over soil productivity. However, the costs can be prohibitive thus not all are able to install such a system in the farms.

A Fire Alarm System | Engineering Essay

A Fire Alarm System | Engineering Essay It is more prudent to head off a disaster beforehand than to deal with it after it occurs. Fire alarms are one of the most useful ways to avoid fire deaths. A fire alarm system is part of the total security system providing fire protection. Installation of fire alarm system gives rise to numerous benefits such as safety of occupant of a building, reducing loss of property or early notification to fire department. Two hundred years ago, early Americans fire alarms were very creative. The different ways to announce a fire were by blowing whistles, ringing church bells or even shooting guns into the air. Due to the creativeness and inventiveness of early scientists, alarm systems were revolutionized. They were using the telegraph technology [1]. Ensuing decades into the 21st century produces multi-functional community fire reporting methods through wireless transmitter. Consequently, alarm systems were installed in private houses and business for security reasons. The first fire alarm system was created in the year 1658. There was no technology used. The New Yorks first fire department employed eight men. Nightly, the firemen were walking the streets to check for fires. In the 1850s, the Australian created the hand-shaken wooden rattle alarm which awoke people from impending harm. After the creation of the telegraph, forthcoming fire alarms were improved by employing this technology. Using teleg raph technology, in 1852, William F. Channing and Moses Farmer designed two fire alarm boxes with each containing a telegraphic key. With reporting a neighborhood fire, the person cranks the attached handle on the box releasing the key to send out a message of the box number to a central alarm station. Upon receiving the message, the telegrapher at central headquarters sent the corresponding address of the box location to the fire department response team [2]. Consequently, more advance technologies were used to create fire alarm which made the latter more effective in numerous ways. One of the most common types of fire alarm system is the smoke alarm. A smoke alarm is one that uses a smoke detector as a device that detects smoke to activate the alarm system. Although the use of smoke detector as sensing element is mostly used in fire alarm, the latter is not fully effective. According to Journal of Safety Research, improved efforts are needed for the functional use of smoke alarm to saves more lives. To improve the functioning of fire alarms, the type of sensor used must be changed [3]. Sensors play a fundamental role to any measurement and automation application. A sensor is a device that converts a change in a physical condition to a measurable response. One of the most useful types of sensor used in fire alarm is the temperature sensor. A temperature sensor is one that converts heat energy in electrical energy. That is, the temperature scale is calibrated accordingly to a voltage scale. There are several temperature sensors, a few of them are, thermocouples, thermistors and thermostats among others [4]. In most of the electronic circuitry, signals from sensors are processed using a microcontroller. A microcontroller is a small computer mounted on a single integrated circuit. It is divided into different section namely the processor core, memory and programmable input and output peripheral. The different types of microcontroller used are Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Peripheral Interface Controller and the most recent one the Matrix Industrial Automotive Controller (MIAC). The MIAC is an industrial grade control unit which can be used to control a wide range of different electronic systems. Programming the MIAC system is typically done using Flowcode, which is a simple microcontroller language that uses the same principle as flowchart. In this project, a fire alarm will be installed in a chemical laboratory. One of the crucial aspects while working with chemical substances is temperature. The system which will be created will have as main objective to regulate in temperature of the laboratory and in case of fire to activate the fire alarm and its entire component. The system will have as input a temperature sensor which will read the temperature of the room. The signals from the temperature sensor will be used as the microcontroller input. The output of the microcontroller will vary according to the temperature of the room. The three main functions of the microcontroller are to activate the air conditioner system when the temperature of the room is high. Furthermore, at low temperature the microcontroller will activate the heater system. Finally, at very high temperature, that is in case of fire, the system will activate the fire alarm, the sprinklers, close the windows and doors after all occupants of the laborato ry have left the premises. Closure of the windows and doors prevent the exposure of the fire to oxygen and avoiding the fire to expand on a larger scale. 1.2 Aim of the project The aim of the study is to design a system which will be used in a chemical laboratory. In case of very high temperature in the room denoting a fire, the system activates a fire alarm and all its components. Moreover, when the temperature of the room is low the heater system will be activated and when the temperature is high the air conditioner system will be activated. The system will have as input a temperature sensor and the MIAC as microprocessor to process the signals from the temperature sensor and activate the required system as its output. 1.3 Objectives of the Project The objectives of the project are as follows: To understand the structure and operation of the MIAC. To study the flowcode programming technique. To understand how to interface MIAC to the inputs and outputs. To design a program that meets the requirements of the system. To build a model of the system with all its components working accordingly. 1.4 Structure of the report 1.5 Brief Literature Review In the United State (US), most lethal injury that occurs in houses is caused by fires and burns. One of the most persuasive ways to prevent death and injury from fire is by installing a fire alarm. It is an effective method if regular maintenance is done on the alarm system regularly. Statistic shows that 95% of the houses in the US have a fire alarm; there is still a high percentage of fatal injury caused by fire. Due to lack of maintenance of the alarm, the latter tend to be ineffective. According to the finding in the Journal of Safety [3], theres a huge gap between number of smoke alarm present and the number of lives saved in fire tragedy. In order to improve the efficiency of alarm, campaign shall be done to make people aware of the danger if maintenance is not performed regularly. Accordingly, the most vulnerable group of people from fire death is the young children, older adults and the disabled person. Alarm system is an important aspect in processing industry. In industry where products are manufactured in line processing, alarm system plays a fundamental role in alerting the operators that a strange event has occur or equipment is not behaving according to normal conditions. For safe operation of the alarm system, regular alarm assessment is required for alarm management life cycle [5]. Regular assessment provides feedback for fine tuning the system resulting to a good working condition. There are two aspects in fire alarm design. The first aspect, the engineering aspect consist of the designing the alarm generating algorithm. The algorithm can be simple limit checking on a raw process to much complex one such as using machine learning tools for fault classification. The second aspect of the alarm system is the way that errors are notified in order that necessary action is taken at the right time to solve for the problem that occurred. Human Machine Interface [6] is an elemental part in the second aspect. In order to test for the performance of alarm system with respect to the first aspect of alarm design, graphical tools are used. Two graphical tools which are commonly used are firstly the High Density Alarm Plot (HDAP) and the Alarm Similarity Color Map (ASCM). The High Density Alarm Plot is an appropriate tool for visualizing large amount of alarm data of a plant over a selected time range. The HDAP gives a global picture of the alarm system without getting a deeper insight of how the latter works. The HDAP has the capability to identify visual periods of plant instability. By instability we mean the period of time where a high number of alarm is activated simultaneously in a short time period. The Alarm Similarity Color Map (ASCM) is software for graph plotting. There are several steps in plotting the ASCM graph [7]. The steps are follows under the assumption that the co-occurrence of two events follow a homogeneous Poison process and calculate the probability that the number of o verlaps is less than the maximum overlaps calculated for various lag. In most of the industrial system, the aim of the factory is to ensure that operation is run fluidly and without any abrupt interruption. Most modern industries use latest technology to ensure that the work is done correctly and effectively. The latest technologies consist of using sensors to gather information. Sensors are used to communicate the physical and environmental conditions under which the plant is running [8]. Different sensors are installed at various places in the factory to capture the information required. Under normal conditions, the plant shall operate smoothly. On the other hand, when a sensor captures a change in any one of the variables, operators are notified trough an alarm system. An activated alarm system indicates an abnormality in the plant processing [8]. In order to minimize the risk of injury or even death of people inside the plant, the fault should be identified rapidly and remedy actions shall be taken as soon as possible. Using sensors to gather information of the different variable, the running conditions of the factory are monitored thoroughly minimizing the risk that an abnormal behavior goes undetected. In contrast, with small changes in variables being monitored, sensors are prone to capture unimportant events. The slight changes in variables activate the alarm unnecessarily; this is known as nuisance alarm. Nuisance alarm conveys false impression of the true nature of the problem [8]. False alarm contributes to a more stressful working environment thus reducing the performance of operator to response to true alarm. In 1994, 11 minutes prior to explosion in the Texaco Milford Haven Refinery the two operators present at that time had to distinguish, acknowledge and act on 275 alarms [9]. We can conclude that for the proper operation of a factory, it is important to manage the alarm system effectively. There are different approaches to detect faults. Fault detection can be globally classified into two groups, namely model-based and signal processing based. Model based fault detection is more present in areas such as control theory and engineering [10]. Since it is very ambitious to reach precisely a mathematical model in practical situation, the use of model-based scheme is limited. Moreover, it is a tedious task and it is not always sure that the mode will be accurate enough to reflect the practical situation. The most popular fault detection system used nowadays in factories is simple limit checking of a directly measured variable [10]. This system is easy and simple to implement. In spite of its simplicity, the threshold level should be selected properly which directly affects the number of false and missed alarm. A false alarm is one that is raise without the presence of any abnormality in the process [8]. Missed alarm is an alarm that is not raised in the presence of fault [8]. When a wrong threshold level is chosen in the simple limit checking method, it results in greater number of false and missed alarm. When a fault occurs, the alarm systems may not be activated instantaneously. This occurs due to different delays of the system. There are different reasons causing this delay to a system. The different types of delay are network delay, bad implementation delay, sensor failure and data loss delay among others [8]. Moreover, the way the parameters of the alarm system are set can cause also rise the delay time of the system to response to a change in variables. To construct a trustworthy and effective alarm system three performance specifications should be taken into consideration namely false alarm rate, missed alarm rate and detection delay. 1.6 Summary From the information gathered so far, we can deduce that there is a need to research on new types of effective fire alarm system. Since the actual fire alarm systems are not effective as they shall be, an intelligent and practical system will be developed to serve for this purpose. The developed system will be controlled by a Matrix Automotive Multimedia Controller. The proposed system shall successfully deal with fire outbreak and also regulate the temperature of the room.

I am Sam Movie Review Essay -- Film Movie Psychology Essays

"I am Sam" Movie Review 1. Movie Title   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I Am Sam 2. Year of Production   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2001 (Theatrical) ? 2002 (Home Video) 3. Feature Length   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  134 Minutes 4. Director   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jessie Nelson 5. Producers and Studio   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Director/Producer Jessie Nelson, Executive Producer David Scott Rubin & Producers Edward Zwick, Marshall Herskovitz, Richard Solomon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New Line Home Entertainment 6. Major Character Cast   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sam Dawson played by Sean Penn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rita Harrison played by Michelle Pfeiffer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lucy Diamond Dawson played by Dakota Fanning 7. Brief Synopsis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mentally disabled Sam Dawson is a single father fighting to keep custody of his daughter Lucy with the help of his pro-bono lawyer, Rita Harrison. 11. Comparative Information   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie portrays Sam Dawson as a mentally deficient parent. The closest the movie, and any resource on it, came to giving an actual diagnosis of his condition is given by a judge in the film stating ?? you have the mental capacity of a 7 year old.? This movie revolves around Sam fighting for the right to raise his daughter beyond the age of 7. The film also has many sociological aspects that correspond to Sam and his daughter, Lucy?s relationship as well as the effects on them separately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the large amount of legal proceedings Sam goes through in the movie, I expected to hear a formal diagnosis or at least a technical term for Sam?s mental capabilities, but there was none. Some of the symptoms portrayed...

Payroll Accounting Chap. 3 Matching and Questions for Review

CHAPTER 3 Matching Quiz E1. Employee’s FICA Tax Rates D2. Form SS-4 H3. Semi Weekly Depositor J4. Taxable for FICA A5. Non Taxable for FICA I6. Self-Employed’s FICA Tax Rates C7. Form 941 B8. Monthly Depositor G9. Taxable Wage Base F10. Form SS-5 CHAPTER 3 Review Questions 1. If the person employs 1 or more individuals for performances of services in the US unless such services or employment are specifically exempt by law. 2. Defined by the common-law relationship of employer/employee 3. If the business has the right to tell a worker how, when, and where to work 4. a person who follows an independent trade, business, or profession.Where they offer their services to the public the following is the â€Å"test†: Hire, supervise, & pay assistants Determine the sequence of their work Set their own hours Work for as many employers as they wish Are paid by the job Make their services available to the public Have an option for profit or loss Furnish their own tools Have a substantial investment in their trade May be dismissed only under terms of a contract 5a. They must collect the employee’s FICA tax on tips that each employee reports. Then deduct the FICA taxes from other wages due to the employee 5b.Employers are liable for their share of the FICA tax on any tips subject to the employees FICA tax 6. After 6 months of consecutive calendar months the sick pay is not taxed. Period off work MUST be consecutive any return to work restarts the 6 month count. 7. They are subject to FICA tax but the employer’s match portion is tax free. 8. YES!!!! The amount of over payment is credited against the employee’s federal income tax for the year. Instructions are given on the Individual Income Tax Return (Form 1040) that explain how the over payment should be treated. So file your taxes John!!! 9a. 3. 3 % 2013-Projected 10. 4% for OASDI 2. 9% for HI b. Usually the net business income of individual as shown in their income tax returns make up their net earnings from self employment for the purpose of the social security act. The max taxable income for an individual is $110,100 for OASDI but for HI the total income is taxable 10. The EIN’s can be obtained directly from the IRS website. No registration is required and the EIN is recognized by the IRS immediately or they can call the IRS or mail or fax the SS-4 (Application for EIN) 11. The requirements are based on the â€Å"lookback† period.The amount of employment tax the employer reported on the quarterly returns for the 4 quarters in the lookback period determines if they are a monthly or semi monthly depositors. Each Nov. the IRS notifies employers weather they will be monthly or semimonthly depositors. 12. Pretty much all employers except those with a $2,500 or less in ? tax liabilities that pay when they file their returns. 13. Generally by touch tone phone, personal computer, or online 14. Generally 3 months of each calendar year 15a. A certain % of the amount of tax required to be reported will be added to the tax. . 5% of the undeposited taxes c. 2% of the amount (if less than $1,250 then penalty is $25 or the amount of the check, whichever is less) Practical Problems A (please see the Excel file for the rest of the problems and then I am mailing in the forms used for problems 3-11A, 3-12A, 3-13A, 3-14A, & 3-15A) 3-15A LO4,5 b. 1. Jan. 182. Feb. 63. Feb. 204. Mar. 65. Mar. 20 6. Apr. 3 3-16A LO5 1. Apr. 15 2. a250. 52505 * 10% = 250. 50 b. 12. 532505 * ? % = 12. 53 c. 3. 712505 * 3% * (18/365) = 3. 7118 days late d. 266. 74 Total Penalty Imposed

Strategic Study on Business Model of Coca

Strategic Study on Business Model of Coca Introduction Background of Coca-Cola Company The Coca Cola Company being one of the most known companies in the world was established in the year 1886. Like most business ventures, the company did not get an immediate success during the first year of its operation having reported a considerable loss. Consequently, Mr. John Pemberton, the inventor of the drink, had to sell the formula of Coca-Cola to recover the losses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Study on Business Model of Coca-Cola specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He sold the formula to Asa Chandler. By applying his aggressive marketing skills, Asa increased the net sales of the company by 4000% in a span of ten years. Since then, the company has grown to be the most popular company in the world (Hess, 2010). Mission The mission of the company consists of refreshing the world, inspiring moments of happiness and creating value by making a difference in the society† (Goodman, 2009). The company can be considered people oriented as its products are tailored towards the needs of the customers. Vision The Coca-Cola Company has a broad vision which focuses on making the company sustainable in each operation. Its vision is to inspire workers to contribute to the companys success and achievement of goals through employing their maximum efforts. Strategic goals and objectives The company is committed to nurture strong relationships between suppliers and customers. The company aims at maximizing the share ownership over time to enlarge the companys production as well as providing a wider range of production. Its strategy is to manufacture the products locally and market them globally (Goodman, 2009). Business model analysis of Coca-Cola Value proposition The Coca-Cola Company is one of the most recognized multinationals in the global soft drinks industry across the world. The company is steered by its main values which help in making the company and its products satisfy its customers. Its values include integrity, leadership, collaboration, quality, passion and diversity. One of the best value propositions of the company in the economic sector is its affordability of products. A remarkably large number of people today can access and buy the drink regardless of their income or social status, hence, giving it a competitive advantage over its competitors. The company is well known for its brand across the world. All brands of the company are unique in their test and are highly acceptable by customers.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Core facets of the Coca-Cola business model The Coca-Cola Company has opened its operations across all regions of the world. The company has set up subsidiary firms in over 200 countries worldwide. Therefore, it produces from within the countries and sells the product s internally. This is the main mode of operation which has served the company in a massive way. The company combines these values in their operations, which help in best serving the needs of its customers through continued production of quality brands. The company gives a lot of promotional advantages to its customers, a tactic that gives it an added advantage over its competitors (Coombs Holladay, 2012). The company has an extremely strong brand portfolio, hence, making it possible to explore in detail all the customer’s tastes and preferences. The company has created businesses with several other companies being a strategic move that has helped it capture the hearts of many customers in the world today (Petretti, 2008). The company is also active in terms of running corporate social activities. The company is widely known for sponsoring sporting and other events. Through this, it attains a high sense of publicity. Corporate social responsibility plays a critical role in en hancing marketing activities of the company. Evolution of the Coca-Cola business model Coca-Cola is a long held spirited brand. The evolution of the Coca Cola drink took a drastic turn during the years between 1890 and 1900. During the year 1900, Hilda Clark became the first celebrity to feature in the company’s advertisement. This aimed at making its products popular among the people. In 1906, it developed a new strategy, namely, it created a straight sided bottle which immediately grasped the attention of a number of people in America. In the year 1911, the annual advertising for the company surpassed the million dollar mark.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Study on Business Model of Coca-Cola specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the year 1914, the company donated a million dollars to a school, hence beginning its social obligations. That gesture proved that the companys success had a positive impa ct on the community (Marshall, 2005). Asa Candler ensured that the commodity is well known by all and sundry in the United States. He subsequently started thinking of advertising the drink outside the continent. As it is today, the company uses a wide range of platforms in enhancing its activities. Among them is extending operations, in different regions, engagement in CSR and observance of quality in its activities (Tuleja, 2008). Conclusion The Coca-Cola Company is a proactive company in terms of its coverage and model of doing business. The success of the Coca-Cola Company has not been attributed to a compelling advertisement and business strategy only. It has also been attributed to the customer’s orientation concept that the management puts ahead of everything else. This forms the reason why the company will likely continue to succeed with its future objectives. Reference List Coombs, W Holladay, S J 2012, Managing corporate social responsibility: A communication approa ch, Wiley-Blackwell, Malden. Goodman, J A 2009, Strategic customer service: managing the customer experience to increase positive word of mouth, build loyalty, and maximize profits, AMACOM American Management Association, New York. Hess, E 2010, Smart growth: building an enduring business by managing the risks of growth, Columbia University Press, New York.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marshall, B 2005, Coca-Cola Company: culture, politics, and history: a multidisciplinary encyclopedia 1 [A D], ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, Calif. Petretti, A 2008, Petretti’s Coca-Cola collectibles price guide, Nelson Thomson Learning Scarborough, Canada. Tuleja, E A 2008, Intercultural communication for business, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason, USA.

Independence Day of India Essays

Independence Day of India Essays Independence Day of India Essay Independence Day of India Essay Independence Day of India Respected teachers and my friends, I wish you a happy Independence Day. India became independent on August 15, 1947 A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new†¦India discovers herself again. J. L. Nehru On the eve of India’s independence, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru famous speech â€Å"Tryst with Destiny† marked the beginning of a free India with words symbolizing hope and triumph. India got its independence from the clutches of British rule on 15th August 1947. It was this day when India’s tricolor flag was unfolded by Pandit Nehru on the barricades of the Red Fort at Delhi. Each and every patriotic soul watched with excitement and paid tribute to thousands of martyrs who sacrificed their lives for India’s freedom. The Independence Day of India is a moment of delight and grandeur but to achieve it the nation had to put up a long battle for over two centuries against the British Empire. At last on 3rd June 1947, the last British Viceroy of India, Lord Mountbatten of Burma, declared the separation of the British Empire in India into India and Pakistan. The announcement was made under the terms of the Indian Independence Act 1947. Significance of Independence Day The significance of the Independence Day in the existence of a nation is of greater value. The day is much more than merely celebrating the anniversary of India’s free statehood. On this day India attained a major part of Asian subcontinent’s 562 extensively spread territories besides British owned states. 5th August 1947 symbolizes the victory of Indian patriotism which the nation got after uncertain yet brutal struggle from the repression of the British colonialism. The British, who oppressed India for centuries had primarily arrived to initiate business but steadily captured the entire government of the nation. They educated the Indians and in the process generated enthusiasts who werenâ€⠄¢t hesitant in helping them expanding their regime. Men and women from all over India joined hands and fought for India’s freedom. Many were acclaimed while others contribution went unnoticed. However, praise wasn’t what they desired for. It was the dream of free and autonomous India which motivated them to walk the path of struggle unselfishly. Neither did they battle for their region nor for their natives, but for India and Indians. At the time of growing communal and caste conflicts, it becomes significant to remind us that the people who laid the foundation of free India has always dreamt of an integrated nation. Hence, it is our duty to live and sustain their dreams, the sole reason for which Independence Day in India is observed. It is a day to pay a mark of respect to our saviors because of whom we are breathing an air of freedom which does not have the elements of exploitation and repression. Independence Day celebrations in India Independence Day is considered as a national holiday in India. The arrangement begins a month before the D-day and the roads are embellished with ribbons and Indian flags. Flag-hoisting ceremonies are executed all over India by state governments. However, the chief event is conducted in the capital city of India, New Delhi where the Prime Minister of India unfurls the tricolor at the barricades of Red Fort which receives a salutation of 21 guns, and addresses the nation with his speech. The Prime Minister’s speech holds major importance as it pays tribute to the great souls who sacrificed their lives for nation’s independence and reveals the achievements of the nation during the past year beside discussing significant issues and proposing steps for further growth. A vibrant parade exhibiting India’s cultural multiplicity, emblematic portrayals of the nation’s developments in science and technology, a collaborative parade of India’s armed competencies by the three forces and patriotic skits and dramas by school children are an integral part of the Independence Day festivities. On this day the skyline of the capital city gets sprinkled with innumerable multicolored kites. People indulge in kite flying competitions and children cheer aloud elevating the spirit of the day.